A new report shows Illinois youth now have more apprenticeship and internship opportunities, with an increase in women and minority participation but significant disparities in representation remain.
The study by the workforce development organization SkillsUSA and Northern Illinois University found the number of women in apprenticeships has doubled since 2019.
Jason Klein, senior director of learning partnerships at Northern Illinois University, said apprenticeship and internship opportunities for women are often low-paying or unpaid, which can limit their options in the workforce.
"That really limits student access to them," Klein explained. "Lots of students then have to choose between an internship or a paid job doing something else, which may not be contributing towards their movement forward within a desired career pathway."
Klein added research also shows internships and apprenticeships can increase wages for students by as much as 115%.
Illinois had more than 20,000 active registered apprentices in 2024, with 75% of them in the construction industry. Klein noted the increase is partially due to College and Career Pathway Endorsements and the state's Post-Secondary and Workforce Readiness Act.
However, he pointed out only a small percentage of students benefit from the opportunities.
"This is still relatively new policy," Klein stressed. "Given that, to what degree does educational leadership and community leadership impact this? So there's a lot of room for us to continue to study this and we hope to be able to do that."
Klein emphasized they want to study more districts offering a high number of work-based learning opportunities, since typical indicators of success like funding, location and size were inconsistent. He added better data collection is needed to help understand how schools can improve what they offer to students.
"We know that human beings learn best when the learning is not only super engaging, but deeply meaningful to them personally," Klein observed. "The best way to do that is by making learning authentic. That's, I think, the biggest argument for why this work needs to take place."
Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.
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By Michael Vasquez for The Hechinger Report.
Broadcast version by Trimmel Gomes for Florida News Connection reporting for The Hechinger Report-Public News Service Collaboration
Oklahoma wants some of its less-expensive universities to cut travel and operational costs, consolidate departments and reduce energy use — all in the name of saving money.
Already, earning a degree at one of these regional institutions is relatively inexpensive for students, costing in total as much as $15,000 less per year than bigger state universities in Oklahoma. And the schools, including Southeastern Oklahoma State University and the University of Central Oklahoma, graduate more teachers and nurses than those research institutions. Those graduates can fill critically needed roles for the state.
Still, state policymakers think there are more efficiencies to be found.
Higher education is one of the specific areas targeted by a new state-run agency with a familiar name, with the goal of “protecting our Oklahoma way of life,” Republican Gov. Kevin Stitt said in the first DOGE-OK report this spring. The Oklahoma Division of Government Efficiency, created around the same time as the federal entity with a similar title, counts among its accomplishments so far shifting to automated lawn mowers to cut grass at the state capital, changing to energy-efficient LED lighting and cutting down on state government cell phone bills. The Oklahoma governor’s office did not respond to a request for comment about this effort.
Oklahoma is one of about a dozen states that has considered an approach similar to the federal DOGE, though some state attempts were launched before the Trump administration’s. The federal Department of Government Efficiency, established the day Trump took office on Jan. 20, has commanded deep cuts to federal spending and the federal workforce, with limited justification.
As academia becomes a piñata for President Donald Trump and his supporters, Republican state lawmakers and governors are assembling in line: They want to get their whacks in too.
Beyond Oklahoma, Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis launched FL DOGE in February, with a promise to review state university and college operations and spending. Republicans in the Ohio statehouse formed an Ohio DOGE caucus. One of the Iowa DOGE Task Force’s three main goals is “further refining workforce and job training programs,” some of which are run through community colleges, and its members include at least two people who work at state universities.
The current political environment represents “an unprecedented attack on higher education,” said Veena Dubal, a law professor at the University of California, Irvine, and general counsel for the American Association of University Professors.
The state-level scrutiny comes atop those federal job cuts, which include layoffs of workers who interact with colleges, interdepartmental spending cuts that affect higher education and the shrinking of contracts that support research and special programs at colleges and universities. Other research grants have been canceled outright. The White House is pursuing these spending cuts at the same time as it is using colleges’ diversity efforts, their handling of antisemitism and their policies about transgender athletes to force a host of changes that go beyond cost-cutting — such as rules about how students protest and whether individual university departments require more supervision.
Higher education, which relies heavily on both state dollars and federal funding in the form of student loans and Pell grants, research grants and workforce training programs, faces the prospect of continued, and painful, budget cuts.
“Institutions are doing things under the threat of extinction,” Dubal said. “They’re not making measured decisions about what’s best for the institution, or best for the public good.”
For instance, the Trump administration extracted a number of pledges from Columbia University as part of its antisemitism charge, suspending $400 million in federal grants and contracts as leverage. This led campus faculty and labor unions to sue, citing an assault on academic freedom. (The Hechinger Report is in an independent unit of Teachers College.) Now Harvard faces a review of $9 billion in federal funding, also over antisemitism allegations, and the list of universities under similar scrutiny is only growing.
Budget cuts are nothing new for higher education — when a recession hits, it is one of the first places state lawmakers look to cut, in blue states or red. One reason: Public universities can sometimes make up the difference with tuition increases.
What DOGE brings, in Washington and statehouses, is something new. The DOGE approach is engaging in aggressive cost-cutting that specifically targets certain programs that some politicians don’t like, said Jeff Selingo, a special adviser to the president at Arizona State University.
“It’s definitely more political than it is fiscal or policy-oriented,” said Selingo, who is also the author of several books on higher education.
“Universities haven’t done what certain politicians wanted them to do,” he added. “This is a way to control them, in a way.”
The current pressure on Florida colleges extends far beyond budget matters. DeSantis has criticized college campuses as “intellectually repressive environments.” In 2021, Florida state lawmakers passed a law, signed by the governor, to fight this perceived ideological bent by requiring a survey of public university professors and students to assess whether there is enough intellectual diversity on campus.
At New College in Sarasota, DeSantis led an aggressive cultural overhaul to transform the college’s atmosphere and identity into something more politically conservative. The governor has cited Hillsdale College, a conservative private Christian institution in Michigan, as a role model.
Faculty and students at New College sued. Their complaints included allegations of academic censorship and a hostile environment for LGBTQ+ students, many of whom transferred elsewhere. One lawsuit was ultimately dropped. Since the takeover, the college added athletics programs and said it has attracted a record number of new and transfer students.
Across America, Republicans control both the legislature and the governor’s mansion in 23 states, compared with 15 states fully controlled by Democrats. In those GOP-run states, creating a mini-DOGE carries the potential for increased political might, with little oversight.
In Florida, “state DOGE serves as an intimidation device,” one high-ranking public university administrator told The Hechinger Report. The administrator, who asked not to be named for fear of retribution, said “there’s also just this atmosphere of fear.”
In late March, university presidents received a letter signed by the “DOGE Team” at the governor’s office. The letter promised a thorough review by FL DOGE officials, with site visits and the expectation that each college appoint a designated liaison to handle FL DOGE’s ongoing requests.
The letter highlighted some of the items FL DOGE might request going forward, including course codes, descriptions and syllabi; full detail of all centers established on campus; and “the closure and dissolution of DEI programs and activities, as required by law.”
The state did not respond to a question about whether FL DOGE is designed to attack higher education in the state. Molly Best, the deputy press secretary, noted that FL DOGE is now up and running, and cities and counties are also receiving letters requesting certain information and that the public will be updated in the future.
DOGE in Florida also follows other intervention in higher education in the state: Florida’s appointed Board of Governors, most of whom are chosen by the governor, removed dozens of courses from state universities’ core curriculum to comply with the Stop WOKE Act, a state law that took effect in 2022. The law, which DeSantis heavily promoted, discourages the teaching of concepts such as systemic racism or sexism. The courses removed from Florida’s 12 state universities were primarily sociology, anthropology and history courses.
“You can’t erase history,” said Meadow Swantic, a criminal justice major at Florida Atlantic University, a public institution, in an interview at its Boca Raton campus. “There’s certain things that are built on white supremacy, and it’s a problem.”
Fellow Florida Atlantic student Kayla Collins, however, said she has noticed some professors’ liberal bias during class discussions.
“I myself have witnessed it in my history class,” said Collins, who identifies as Republican. “It was a great history class, but I would say there were a lot of political things brought up, when it wasn’t a government class or a political science class.”
At the University of Central Florida in Orlando, political science major Liliana Hogan said she had a different experience of her professors’ political leanings.
“You hear ‘people go to university to get woke’ or whatever, but actually, as a poli-sci student, a lot of my professors are more right-wing than you would believe,” Hogan said. “I get more right-leaning perspectives from my teachers than I would have expected.” Hogan said.
Another UCF student, Johanna Abrams, objected to university budget cuts being ordered by the state government. Abrams said she understands that tax dollars are limited, but she believes college leaders should be trusted with making the budget decisions that best serve the student body.
“The government’s job should be providing the funding for education, but not determining what is worthy of being taught,” Abrams said.
Whatever their missions and attempts at mimicry, state-level DOGE entities are not necessarily identical to the federal version.
For instance, in Kansas, the Committee on Government Efficiency, while inspired by DOGE, is in search of ideas from state residents about ways to make the state bureaucracy run better rather than imposing its own changes. A Missouri Senate portal inspired by the federal DOGE works in a similar way. Yet the federal namesake isn’t taking suggestions from the masses to inform its work.
And at the federal level, then-DOGE chief Elon Musk in February emailed workers, asking them to respond “to understand what they got done last week,” he posted on X. “Failure to respond will be taken as a resignation.” Employees were asked to reply with a list of five accomplishments.
The Ohio DOGE Caucus noted explicitly it won’t be doing anything like that.
“We’re not going to be emailing any state employees asking them to give us five things they worked on throughout the week,” Ohio state Rep. Tex Fischer, a Republican, told a local radio station. “We’re really just trying to get like-minded people into a room to talk about making sure that government is spending our money wisely and focusing on its core functions that we all agree with.”
Michael Vasquez wrote this article for The Hechinger Report.
Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.
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By Claire Rafford for Mirror Indy.
Broadcast version by Terri Dee for Indiana News Service reporting for the Mirror Indy-Free Press Indiana-Public News Service Collaboration.
For Kaneka Kidd, college has very much been a family affair.
She started classes through Marian University’s program at the Indiana Women’s Prison at the same time her youngest daughter started college.
Kidd also called her grandkids often to tell them about the classes she was taking, to hopefully encourage them to attend college one day. It was important to her that her family knew she was learning while inside.
“Being incarcerated for so long, you have to have something to go home to,” Kidd, 46, said. “I wanted to be an encouragement to them, also.”
Kidd was one of six women to graduate May 16 with her associate of arts degree from Marian University. Through its Women’s College Partnership, Marian offers classes and degrees to women at the prison, including those who committed violent crimes.
Marian’s been offering classes at the women’s prison since 2019 in collaboration with the Bard Prison Initiative, a national organization that supports liberal arts programs for incarcerated students. Students take classes in a variety of subjects, including civics, art, literature and science.
If Courtney Kincaid had to pick a favorite class from her two-and-a-half years of Marian education, it would be the “inside-out” class this spring, where students from Marian’s main campus came to the prison to take the class alongside the incarcerated students.
In that class, there was no divide. Everyone learned together, and that meant the world to Kincaid.
“It pushed me to continue to empower other people that this degree is a statement for us to be able to be students,” Kincaid, 35, said. “Because in this program, that’s what we are. We’re students. We’re not seen for where we wake up every day.”
Kincaid has always wanted to go to college, but she said life got in the way. Though she studied at Huntington University in northern Indiana and Purdue Fort Wayne, the May 16 ceremony was her first-ever graduation. She was chosen by her classmates to be the commencement speaker.
After working toward that goal for so long, walking across the stage was surreal.
“I almost couldn’t believe it,” Kincaid said. “It was like an out-of-body experience, because I accomplished something I always wanted to do, and I didn’t think that I would have the opportunity in a location like this.”
Kincaid’s celebrating her degree, but her educational journey isn’t over. She’s already studying to earn her bachelor’s degree from Marian, and eventually hopes to get a master’s degree and become a social worker.
Kidd has similar ambitions. She knows firsthand how hard it is for women experiencing domestic violence to escape abusive relationships, and hopes to use her lived experience to help people like her through social work.
“I want to help someone, because I wasn’t able to get the help,” she said.
Claire Rafford wrote this article for Mirror Indy.
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